Which of the following is least likely to be a personnel activity associated with human resource management?

The correct choice is D, as developing customer relationships is primarily associated with roles in sales, marketing, or customer service, rather than human resource management. While HR may influence overall organizational culture and indirectly affect customer interactions through employee performance and engagement, the specific activity of building customer relationships does not fall within the core functions of HR.

Human resource management focuses on personnel activities that support employees and organizational structure, such as appraising employee performance, orienting and training new employees, and building employee commitment. These activities are directly linked to managing the workforce, ensuring that employees are skilled, motivated, and aligned with the organization’s goals. Developing customer relationships doesn't pertain to the internal management of employees, and thus is not considered a personnel activity within the HR domain.