In performance management, which element is NOT typically included?

In performance management, the primary focus is on evaluating employee performance, setting goals, and providing feedback to enhance development and effectiveness. The elements typically included in performance management are appraisals, trainings, and rewards.

Appraisals are critical as they help assess an employee's performance against established standards and objectives. Trainings are often implemented as a result of the appraisal process to address any identified skill gaps and foster employee development. Rewards are also a key component as they are used to incentivize and recognize high performance, helping to motivate employees and maintain engagement.

Promotions, however, while related to performance management, are not a direct component of the performance management process itself. Instead, promotions may result from the outcomes of the appraisal process, where an employee's performance may lead to opportunities for advancement. Thus, promotions are typically a consequence of successful performance management rather than a core element within it.